BREAST WALLS:- BREAST walls are provided to hold in place mass of earth or excavation. They provide stability to natural slope. In these photos walls are being provided in dry stone masonry with rRandom Rubble masonry in 1:6 mix cement sand mortar in vertical bands and concrete in bottom .

-



BREAST walls are provided to hold in place  mass of earth or excavation. They provide stability to natural slope. In these photos  walls are being provided in dry  stone masonry with Random Rubble masonry in 1:6  mix cement sand mortar in vertical bands and concrete in bottom. At some places breast wall in concrete are also provided with proper weep holes to drainage out the water. 
 

Comments

Post a Comment

If u have any doubts please let me know

Popular posts from this blog

what is theodolite?

-
Image
A theodolite   is a precision instrument for measuring angles   in the horizontal and vertical planes. Theodolites are mainly used for  surveying  applications, and have been adapted for specialized purposes in fields like metrology . A modern theodolite consists of a movable telescope mounted within two perpendicular axes — the horizontal  or trunnion  axis , and the vertical axis. When the telescope is pointed at a target object, the angle of each of these axes can be measured with great precision, typically to seconds of arc.
Read more

what is contouring?

-
Image
A contour is defined as an imaginary line of constant elevation on the ground surface. It can also be defined as the line of intersection of a level surface with the ground surface. For example, the line of intersection of the water surface of a still lake or pond with the surrounding ground represents a contour line.                                                                                                   It facilitates depiction of the relief of terrain in a two dimensional plan or map. The process of tracing contour lines on the surface of earth is called contouring. A contour map gives the idea of the altitudes of the surface features as well as their relative positions in a plan CONTOURING BY INDIRECT METHOD: The points surveyed are not necessarily on the contour lines but spot levels taken along with series of lines laid over the area. The position of spot levels is plotted on the plan and contours drawn by interpolation. BY SQUARES: In this method the whole area is div
Read more

Breast Wall

-
Image
Breast wall  are types of protection walls used in civil engineering  works. Breast  are used to  protect  the fresh cut of earth. There  is always a confusion between  retaining wall and breast wall. The Breast  wall is built on the  hill side  of a  Road as it  protects the natural cut slope of Road. Retaining wall  is built on the valley side  of road. Breast has a small range of height nearly from 2 to 3 meters and retaining wall can  have more height.  Breast   wall  help  in  protecting  the cut  slope from further Erosion.  Both breast walls and Retaining walls  are used in hilly road constructions  having steep slopes and it can  also be used  in Embankment to protect them from erosion. Breast wall can be constructed in plain  Concrete or in Stone Masonry. In these photos we  can see Breast walls being constructed in Stone masonry .   Breast walls have slope  on front side just to make  them more stable. Breast walls are very important in stopping  soil from  continuous erosion
Read more